Supreme Court Case Verdicts
- Marbury v. Madison (1803) - The Supreme Court formed the basis for exercise of judicial review in the United States; defined the boundary between Constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches
- Fletcher v. Peck (1810) - The first case where the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional. The decision helped create a growing precedent for sanctity of legal contacts, Native Americans did not hold the title to their own lands.
- Martin v. Hunter Lessee (1816) - The first case to assert ultimate Supreme Court authority over state courts in matters of federal law
- Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819) - This case settled the nature of public versus private charters and resulted in the rise of American business and the free American enterprise system.
- McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) - Established two important principles in Constitutional law: 1) the Constitution grants implied powers for implementing the Constitution's express powers, functional national government, and 2) state action may not impede valid constitutional exercises of power by federal government.
- Cohens v. Virginia (1821) - John Marshall and the Court's assertion of it's power to review state Supreme court decisions in criminal law matters when the defendant claims their Constitutional rights have been violated.
- Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) - The Supreme Court of the United States held that power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution.
- Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) - The Supreme Court didn't have an original jurisdiction, the Cherokee Nation was a dependent nation, with a relationship to the United States like a ward to its guardian.
- Worchester v. Georgia (1832) - This case vacated the conviction of Samuel Worchester and held that the Georgia criminal statute prohibiting non-Indians from appearing on Indian lands without a license from the state was unconstitutional.
- Charles River Bridge Co. v. Warren Bridge Co. (1837) - This settled a dispute over the Constitutional clause regarding obligation of contract.
- Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842) - Issued by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court on subject of labor unions. It ruled that labor combinations were legal provided they were organized for a legal purpose and used legal means to achieve their goals.
- Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) - The Court held that the federal Fugitive Slave Act precluded a Pennsylvania state law that prohibited Blacks from being taken out of Pennsylvania into slavery.
The above slideshow shows various different acts that occurred in this era.
The Judiciary Act was the establishment of the United States Judicial Courts. This set the number of Supreme Court Justices at six, with one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices. This gave the Supreme Court jurisdiction over all civil actions between states or a state and the U.S.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by Federalists after the French Revolution. The acts were put up to guard against anarchy.
The Non-intercourse Acts were the names given to seven statutes passed in 1790, 1793, 1796, 1802, 1809, and 1834. These acts regulated commerce between Native Americans and non-Indians.
The Embargo Act of 1807 was enacted against Great Britain and France. This was set up after American merchants were seized by contraband of war by European Navies.
The Indian Removal Act of 1803 authorized the movement of Native Americans from the Southern states to federal territory West of the Mississippi River. In exchange for their movement, we acquired their homeland.
The Judiciary Act was the establishment of the United States Judicial Courts. This set the number of Supreme Court Justices at six, with one Chief Justice and five Associate Justices. This gave the Supreme Court jurisdiction over all civil actions between states or a state and the U.S.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were passed by Federalists after the French Revolution. The acts were put up to guard against anarchy.
The Non-intercourse Acts were the names given to seven statutes passed in 1790, 1793, 1796, 1802, 1809, and 1834. These acts regulated commerce between Native Americans and non-Indians.
The Embargo Act of 1807 was enacted against Great Britain and France. This was set up after American merchants were seized by contraband of war by European Navies.
The Indian Removal Act of 1803 authorized the movement of Native Americans from the Southern states to federal territory West of the Mississippi River. In exchange for their movement, we acquired their homeland.
The Bill of Rights was the first 10 amendments set for the U.S.
They guaranteed a number of personal freedoms for citizens. (See third column) These rights were written by James Madison and adopted by the House of Representatives on August 21, 1789. Fourteen of these were hand written and given to the original 13 colonies with one at the Senate. |
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The gallery above shows four different photos referring to the compromises acquired during this time.
The 3/5's Compromise - An agreement between the Northern and Southern states during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. 3/5's of the enumerated population of slaves counted for the representation regarding distribution of taxes and appointing of U.S. House of Representatives.
The Missouri Compromise - Pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in U.S. Congress regulated slavery in Western territories. In 12, this act prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of 36°30', except in Missouri. This balanced the number of slave and free states by also adding in Maine as a free state.
The Connecticut Compromise - Also known as the Great Compromise of 1787; was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention. This defined that each state have its own legislative structure under the U.S. Constitution. This required that the Upper House be weighted equally between states with two representatives each.
The Commerce Compromise - A compromise between Northern and Southern states during the Constitutional convention to determine how the federal government could regulate commerce.
The 3/5's Compromise - An agreement between the Northern and Southern states during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787. 3/5's of the enumerated population of slaves counted for the representation regarding distribution of taxes and appointing of U.S. House of Representatives.
The Missouri Compromise - Pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in U.S. Congress regulated slavery in Western territories. In 12, this act prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of 36°30', except in Missouri. This balanced the number of slave and free states by also adding in Maine as a free state.
The Connecticut Compromise - Also known as the Great Compromise of 1787; was an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention. This defined that each state have its own legislative structure under the U.S. Constitution. This required that the Upper House be weighted equally between states with two representatives each.
The Commerce Compromise - A compromise between Northern and Southern states during the Constitutional convention to determine how the federal government could regulate commerce.